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Zhuangzi

4th-century-BCE Chinese philosopher — author of much of the text bearing his name, and Taoism's most playful voice.

taoism

Where Laozi is gnomic and still, Zhuangzi is funny and fast. He told stories — the cook whose knife never dulls, the butterfly who dreamed of being a man, the useless tree whose uselessness saved it — that carry Taoist philosophy more cleanly than any treatise.

His central moves: distrust of fixed categories, the insight that one person’s “useful” is another’s “useless,” and the playful acceptance of life-and-death as two faces of the same turning.

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